Kugadzirwa kwe LED

Iyo LED kuvandudza kunobva murabhoritari yakawanikwa kuenda kune yepasi rose mwenje shanduko.Nekukurumidza kukura kwe LED, ikozvino LED application inonyanya ku:
-Kuvhenekera kumba:Magirobhu e LED, sirin'i mwenje, marambi edhesiki
-Kuvheneka kwekutengesa:malights, malights, mapaneru magetsi
-Industrial lighting:zviedza zvemigodhi, zviedza zvakakwirira
-Kuvheneka kwekunze:mwenje yemumugwagwa, mwenje wenzvimbo, mwenje mudziva
-Kuvheneka kwemotokari:Mwenje we LED, mwenje wezuva, taillights
-Kuratidza LED:advertising screen, Mini LED TV
-Kuvheneka kwakakosha:UV yekurapa mwenje, chirimwa chekukura mwenje

Mazuvano, tinogona kuona LED kwese kwese muhupenyu hwedu, ichi ndicho mhedzisiro yeanoda kusvika zana rekuedza, isu tinogona kungoziva kuvandudzwa kwe LED sekuridza 4 nhanho:
1.Kuongorora kwekutanga (kutanga 20th century -1960s)
-Kuwanikwa kwe electroluminescence (1907)
Injiniya wekuBritain Henry Joseph Round akatanga kuona electroluminescence pasilicon carbide (SiC) makristasi, asi haana kuidzidza zvakadzama.
Muna 1927, musayendisiti weSoviet Oleg Losev akawedzera kudzidza uye akabudisa pepa, inofungidzirwa se "baba ve LED theory", asi tsvakurudzo yakakanganiswa nekuda kweHondo Yenyika II.

-Iyo yekutanga inoshanda LED yakazvarwa (1962)
Nick Holonyak Jr., General Electric (GE) Engineer Invented the first kuonekwa light LED (red light, GaAsP material) .iyi inoratidza LED kubva murabhoritari kusvika kune kutengeserana, yakatanga kushandiswa kune zviratidzo zvezviridzwa.

2. Kubuda kweruvara rwe LED (1970s-1990s)
-Green uye yero leds akaunzwa (1970s)
1972: M. George Craford (mudzidzi waHolonyak) anogadzira iyo yero LED (10 times kupenya).
1980s: Aluminium, gallium uye arsenic (AlGaAs) zvinhu zvakagadziridza zvakanyanya kushanda kwemagetsi matsvuku, ayo akashandiswa mumagetsi emigwagwa uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

-Blue LED shanduko (1990s)
1993: musayendisiti wechiJapan Shuji Nakamura (Shuji Nakamura) muNichia chemicals (Nichia) breakthrough gallium nitride (GaN) yakavakirwa bhuruu LED, akakunda 2014 Nobel Prize mufizikiki.Izvi zvinoratidza Blue LED + phosphor = chena LED, kuisa nheyo yemazuva ano magetsi e LED.

3. Kuzivikanwa kwechena LED uye mwenje (2000s-2010s)
-White LED kutengesa (2000s)
Nichia Chemical, Cree, Osram uye mamwe makambani akatanga yakakwira-inoshanda machena anotungamira kuti zvishoma nezvishoma atsive incandescent uye fluorescent mwenje.
2006: Kambani yeAmerican Cree yakaburitsa yekutanga 100lm/W LED, inodarika mwenje wefluorescent.
(Muna 2006 Heguang Lighting inotanga kuburitsa mwenje we LED wepasi pemvura)

- LED mune general lighting (2010s)
2010s: Mutengo we LED wakaderera zvakanyanya, uye nyika pasi rose dzakashandisa "kurambidzwa kwechena" (zvakadai seEU yakabvisa mwenje weincandescent muna 2012).
2014: Nobel Prize muFizikiki yakapiwa kuna Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano naShuji Nakamura nokuda kwezvipo kune blue leds.

4. Tekinoroji yemazuva ano ye LED (2020s kusvika zvino)
-Mini LED uye Micro LED
Mini LED: Inoshandiswa kune yepamusoro-yekupedzisira TVS (yakadai seApple Pro Display XDR), esports skrini, yakawedzera kunatswa backlight.
Micro LED: self-luminous pixels, inotarisirwa kutsiva OLED (Samsung, SONY vatanga prototype zvigadzirwa).

-Akangwara mwenje uye Li-Fi
Smart LED: inogadziriswa tembiricha yemavara, networking control (yakadai saPhilips Hue).
Li-Fi: Kushandiswa kwechiedza che LED kutumira data, nekukurumidza kupfuura Wi-Fi (rabhoritari yasvika 224Gbps).

- UV LED uye yakakosha maapplication
Uv-c LED: Inoshandiswa kuita sterilization (senge UV disinfection midziyo panguva yedenda).
Kukura kwechirimwa LED: Yakagadziridzwa spectrum yekuvandudza kurima.

Kubva pa "chiedza chechiratidzo" kuenda ku "mwenje mukuru": kushanda zvakanaka kunowedzerwa neka1,000 uye mutengo unoderedzwa ne99%, kufarirwa kwepasi rose kwe LED kunoderedza mazana emamiriyoni ematani e CO₂ emissions gore rega rega, LED iri kuchinja nyika! mune ramangwana, LED inogona kushandura kuratidzwa, kutaurirana, zvekurapa uye mamwe akawanda maindasitiri! Tichamirira tione!